有时候为了方便源码包的安装,我们需要自己订制软件包的需求,我们会把一些源码包按照我们的需求来做成rpm包,当有了源码包就可以直接编译得到二进制安装包和其他任意包。spec file是制作rpm包最核心的部分,rpm包的制作就是根据spec file来实现的。下面是我以制作php的rpm开始介绍其制作方法。以下操作在CentOS6.6 64位系统进行。
下面我们以制作php的rpm开始介绍其制作方法。以下操作在CentOS6.6 64位系统进行。
安装rpm-build
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# yum -y install rpm-build
建立工作车间目录
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# vim ~/.rpmmacros
- %_topdir /root/rpmbuild
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# mkdir -pv ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
在redhat下,rpm包的默认制作路径在/usr/src/redhat下,但CentOS并没有该目录,因此,我们不得不自定义工作目录,这其中包含了6个目录(要求全部大写)
BUILD:源代码解压以后放的位置
RPMS:制作完成后的rpm包存放目录,为特定平台指定子目录(x86_64)
SOURCES:收集的源文件,源材料,补丁文件等存放位置
SPECS:存放spec文件,作为制作rpm包的领岗文件,以rpm名.spec
SRPMS:src格式的rpm包位置 ,既然是src格式的包,就没有平台的概念了
BuiltRoot:假根,使用install临时安装到这个目录,把这个目录当作根来用的,所以在这个目录下的目录文件,才是真正的目录文件。当打包完成后,在清理阶段,这个目录将被删除
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# rpmbuild –showrc | grep topdir #工作车间目录:_topdir /root/rpmbuild
- -14: _builddir %{_topdir}/BUILD
- -14: _buildrootdir %{_topdir}/BUILDROOT
- -14: _rpmdir %{_topdir}/RPMS
- -14: _sourcedir %{_topdir}/SOURCES
- -14: _specdir %{_topdir}/SPECS
- -14: _srcrpmdir %{_topdir}/SRPMS
- -14: _topdir /root/rpmbuild
rpmbuild –showrc显示所有的宏,以下划线开头,一个下划线:定义环境的使用情况,二个下划线:通常定义的是命令,为什么要定义宏,因为不同的系统,命令的存放位置可能不同,所以通过宏的定义找到命令的真正存放位置
收集源码文件脚本文件
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# pwd
- /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# ls
- php-5.4.45.tar.gz
编写SPEC文件
- [root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# pwd
- /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES
- [root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# vim php.spec #内容如下:
- %define _user www
- %define _group www
- %define _prefix /usr/local/php
- Name: php #软件包名称
- Version: 5.4.45 #版本号(不能使用-)
- Release: 1%{?dist} #release号,对应下面的changelog,如php-5.4.45-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
- Summary: PHP is a server-side scripting language for creating dynamic Web pages #简要描述信息,最好不要超过50个字符,如要详述,使用下面的%description
- Group: Development/Languages #要全用这里面的一个组:less /usr/share/doc/rpm-version/GROUPS
- License: GPLv2 #软件授权方式
- URL: http://www.php.net #源码相关网站
- Packager: yeho <lj2007331@gmail.com> #打包人的信息
- Vendor: OneinStack #发行商或打包组织的信息
- Source0: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz #源代码包,可以带多个用Source1、Source2等源,后面也可以用%{source1}、%{source2}引用
- BuildRoot: %_topdir/BUILDROOT #安装或编译时使用的“虚拟目录”
- Requires: libmcrypt
- Requires: mhash
- Requires: mcrypt
- Requires: libiconv #定义php依赖的包,需要yum安装(此处使用epel源)
- %description #软件包详述
- PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML.
- %prep #软件编译之前的处理,如解压
- %setup -q #这个宏的作用静默模式解压并cd
- %build #开始编译软件
- %configure –prefix=%{_prefix} –with-config-file-path=%{_prefix}/etc \
- –with-fpm-user=%{_user} –with-fpm-group=%{_group} –enable-fpm –enable-fileinfo \
- –with-mysql=mysqlnd –with-mysqli=mysqlnd –with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
- –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg–dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib \
- –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-exif \
- –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –enable-mbregex –enable-inline-optimization \
- –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl \
- –with-mhash –enable-pcntl –enable-sockets –with-xmlrpc –enable-ftp –enable-calendar \
- –with-gettext –enable-zip –enable-soap –disable-ipv6 –disable-debug
- make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=’-liconv’ %{?_smp_mflags} #%{?_smp_mflags} 的意思是:如果就多处理器的话make时并行编译
- %install #开始安装软件,如make install
- rm -rf %{buildroot}
- make INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot} install
- rm -rf %{buildroot}/{.channels,.depdb,.depdblock,.filemap,.lock,.registry}
- %{__install} -p -D -m 0755 sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm %{buildroot}/etc/init.d/php-fpm
- %{__install} -p -D -m 0644 php.ini-production %{buildroot}/%{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- #rpm安装前执行的脚本
- %pre
- echo ‘/usr/local/lib’ > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf
- /sbin/ldconfig
- if [ $1 == 1 -a -z “`grep ^%{_user} /etc/passwd`” ]; then # $1有3个值,代表动作,安装类型,处理类型
- groupadd %{_group} -g 10000 # 1:表示安装
- useradd -u 10000 -g 10000 -m %{_user} # 2:表示升级
- fi # 0:表示卸载
- #rpm安装后执行的脚本
- %post
- if [ $1 == 1 ];then
- [ -z “`grep ^’export PATH=’ /etc/profile`” ] && echo “export PATH=%{_prefix}/bin:\$PATH” >> /etc/profile
- [ -n “`grep ^’export PATH=’ /etc/profile`” -a -z “`grep ‘%{_prefix}’ /etc/profile`” ] && sed -i “s@^export PATH=\(.*\)@export PATH=%{_prefix}/bin:\1@” /etc/profile
- /sbin/chkconfig –add php-fpm
- /sbin/chkconfig php-fpm on
- Mem=`free -m | awk ‘/Mem:/{print $2}’` #下面主要是参数的优化
- if [ $Mem -le 640 ];then
- Mem_level=512M
- Memory_limit=64
- elif [ $Mem -gt 640 -a $Mem -le 1280 ];then
- Mem_level=1G
- Memory_limit=128
- elif [ $Mem -gt 1280 -a $Mem -le 2500 ];then
- Mem_level=2G
- Memory_limit=192
- elif [ $Mem -gt 2500 -a $Mem -le 3500 ];then
- Mem_level=3G
- Memory_limit=256
- elif [ $Mem -gt 3500 -a $Mem -le 4500 ];then
- Mem_level=4G
- Memory_limit=320
- elif [ $Mem -gt 4500 -a $Mem -le 8000 ];then
- Mem_level=6G
- Memory_limit=384
- elif [ $Mem -gt 8000 ];then
- Mem_level=8G
- Memory_limit=448
- fi
- sed -i “s@^memory_limit.*@memory_limit = ${Memory_limit}M@” %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^output_buffering =@output_buffering = On\noutput_buffering =@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^;cgi.fix_pathinfo.*@cgi.fix_pathinfo=0@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^short_open_tag = Off@short_open_tag = On@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^expose_php = On@expose_php = Off@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^request_order.*@request_order = “CGP”@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^;date.timezone.*@date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^post_max_size.*@post_max_size = 50M@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^upload_max_filesize.*@upload_max_filesize = 50M@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^;upload_tmp_dir.*@upload_tmp_dir = /tmp@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^max_execution_time.*@max_execution_time = 5@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^disable_functions.*@disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,fsocket,popen@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^session.cookie_httponly.*@session.cookie_httponly = 1@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics.*@mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On@’ %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
- cat > %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf <<EOF
- ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
- ; FPM Configuration ;
- ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
- ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
- ; Global Options ;
- ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
- [global]
- pid = run/php-fpm.pid
- error_log = log/php-fpm.log
- log_level = warning
- emergency_restart_threshold = 30
- emergency_restart_interval = 60s
- process_control_timeout = 10s
- daemonize = yes
- ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
- ; Pool Definitions ;
- ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
- [%{_user}]
- ;listen = /dev/shm/php-cgi.sock
- listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
- listen.backlog = -1
- listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
- listen.owner = %{_user}
- listen.group = %{_group}
- listen.mode = 0666
- user = %{_user}
- group = %{_group}
- pm = dynamic
- pm.max_children = 12
- pm.start_servers = 8
- pm.min_spare_servers = 6
- pm.max_spare_servers = 12
- pm.max_requests = 2048
- pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s
- request_terminate_timeout = 120
- request_slowlog_timeout = 0
- slowlog = log/slow.log
- rlimit_files = 51200
- rlimit_core = 0
- catch_workers_output = yes
- ;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
- env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
- env[TMP] = /tmp
- env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
- env[TEMP] = /tmp
- EOF
- if [ $Mem -le 3000 ];then
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = $(($Mem/2/20))@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = $(($Mem/2/30))@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = $(($Mem/2/40))@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = $(($Mem/2/20))@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- elif [ $Mem -gt 3000 -a $Mem -le 4500 ];then
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 80@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 50@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 40@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 80@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- elif [ $Mem -gt 4500 -a $Mem -le 6500 ];then
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 90@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 60@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 50@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 90@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- elif [ $Mem -gt 6500 -a $Mem -le 8500 ];then
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 100@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 70@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 60@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 100@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- elif [ $Mem -gt 8500 ];then
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 120@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 80@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 70@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- sed -i “s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 120@” %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
- fi
- fi
- #rpm卸载前执行的脚本
- %preun
- if [ $1 == 0 ];then
- /etc/init.d/php-fpm stop > /dev/null 2>&1
- /sbin/chkconfig —del php-fpm
- if [ -e ‘/etc/profile.d/custom_profile_new.sh’ ];then
- sed -i ‘s@%{_prefix}/bin:@@’ /etc/profile.d/custom_profile_new.sh
- else
- sed -i ‘s@%{_prefix}/bin:@@’ /etc/profile
- fi
- fi
- #%postun rpm卸载后执行的脚本
- %clean #clean的主要作用就是删除BUILD
- rm -rf %{buildroot}
- %files #指定哪些文件需要被打包,如/usr/local/php
- %defattr(-,root,root,-)
- %{_prefix}
- %attr(0755,root,root) /etc/init.d/php-fpm
- %changelog #日志改变段, 这一段主要描述软件的开发记录
- * Sat Oct 24 2015 yeho <lj2007331@gmail.com> 5.4.45-1
- – Initial version
下面是php-redis.spec
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# pwd
- /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# ls
- redis-2.2.7.tgz
- [root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# cd ../SPEC
- [root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# vim php-redis.spec
- %global php_extdir %(/usr/local/php/bin/php-config –extension-dir 2>/dev/null || echo “undefined”)
- Name: php-redis
- Version: 2.2.7
- Release: 1%{?dist}
- Summary: The phpredis extension provides an API for communicating with the Redis key-value store.
- Group: Development/Languages
- License: PHP
- URL: http://pecl.php.net/package/redis
- Source0: redis-%{version}.tgz
- BuildRoot: %_topdir/BUILDROOT
- Requires: php
- BuildRequires: php >= 5.4.40
- %description
- The phpredis extension provides an API for communicating with the Redis key-value store.
- %prep
- %setup -q -n redis-%{version}
- %build
- /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
- %configure
- make %{?_smp_mflags}
- %install
- rm -rf %{buildroot}
- mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{php_extdir}
- make install INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot}
- find %{buildroot} -name redis.so –exec /bin/mv {} %{buildroot}%{php_extdir} \;
- #rpm安装后执行的脚本
- %post
- if [ $1 == 1 ];then
- [ -z “`grep ‘^extension_dir’ /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini`” ] && echo “extension_dir = \”%{php_extdir}\”” >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
- sed -i ‘s@^extension_dir\(.*\)@extension_dir\1\nextension = “redis.so”@’ /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
- fi
- #rpm卸载前执行的脚本
- %preun
- if [ $1 == 0 ];then
- /etc/init.d/php-fpm stop > /dev/null 2>&1
- sed -i ‘/redis.so/d’ /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
- fi
- #%postun rpm卸载后执行的脚本
- if [ $1 == 0 ];then
- /etc/init.d/php-fpm start > /dev/null 2>&1
- fi
- %clean
- rm -rf %{buildroot}
- %files
- %defattr(-,root,root,-)
- %{php_extdir}/redis.so
- %changelog
- * Sat Oct 24 2015 yeho <lj2007331@gmail.com> 2.2.7-1
- – Initial version
编译rpm包
- [root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# rpmbuild -bb php.spec 制作php rpm二进制包
- [root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# rpmbuild -bb php-redis.spec 制作php-redis rpm二进制包